{"id":178787,"date":"2025-04-09T12:13:23","date_gmt":"2025-04-09T12:13:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/accountants4yourbusiness.co.uk\/american-history\/examining-the-womens-health-movement-u-chicago-press-2024-nursing-clio\/"},"modified":"2025-04-09T12:13:23","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T12:13:23","slug":"examining-the-womens-health-movement-u-chicago-press-2024-nursing-clio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/accountants4yourbusiness.co.uk\/?p=178787","title":{"rendered":"Examining the Women\u2019s Health Movement (U Chicago Press, 2024) \u2013 Nursing Clio"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"blog-title\">Politics in Practice: A Review of Judith A. Houck, <em>Looking Through the Speculum: Examining the Women\u2019s Health Movement<\/em> (U Chicago Press, 2024)<\/h3>\n<div class=\"m-post-byline-with-avatar\" style=\"display:flex; align-items:center; flex-wrap:wrap; white-space:preserve\">\n<style><![CDATA[.m-post-avatars{ display: flex; margin-right: 10px; }.m-post-avatar{ border-radius: 100%; z-index: 1; }.m-post-avatar img { margin: 0 !important; border-radius: 100% }.m-post-avatar:not(:first-of-type){ margin-left: -7px }.m-post-avatar:nth-child(1){ z-index:1}]]><\/style>\n<div id=\"\" class=\"m-post-avatars\">\n<div class=\"m-post-avatar\" data-author-id=\"616\" data-author-type=\"user\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"36\" height=\"36\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-design.png?fit=36%2C36&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-36x36 size-36x36\" alt=\"NC logo in blakc\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-design.png?w=500&amp;ssl=1 500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-design.png?resize=405%2C405&amp;ssl=1 405w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-design.png?resize=181%2C181&amp;ssl=1 181w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 36px) 100vw, 36px\"\/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<p>In <em>Looking Through the Speculum: Examining the Women\u2019s Health Movement<\/em> (University of Chicago Press, 2024) Judith A. Houck provides a timely analysis of how late-twentieth-century feminists challenged the patriarchal foundations of the U.S. healthcare system. Houck traces the contours of the women\u2019s health movement from its emergence around 1969 to its persistence into the early twenty first century. She explores how political goals honed in the first few decades of activism (such as the right to bodily autonomy and the feminist reclamation of medical knowledge) were implemented through organization and institution building. The book focuses on four key women\u2019s health \u201cprojects\u201d: cervical self-exam, abortion, lesbian health, and racial (in)equity in the movement. Its eight chapters offer a granular account of how feminists created (and repeatedly recreated) clinical spaces that would center their health needs, expertise, and political goals.<\/p>\n<p>Houck\u2019s exploration of the \u201cstruggles and successes of bringing feminist dreams into clinical spaces\u201d is facilitated by her book\u2019s unique organizational logic (14). Each chapter is part of a pair, the first tracing the development of the political theories and ideals of one of the aforementioned feminist health projects, and the second asking how this project was put into practice in the setting of a Northern California feminist health clinic. Chapters one and two show how the theory of feminist self-help (axiomatic to the women\u2019s health movement) translated into diverging approaches to health care provision at the Santa Cruz Women\u2019s Health Collective and Women\u2019s Health Collective of Humboldt Open Door Clinic. Chapters three and four ask how visions of feminist abortion care met with medical resistance at the Chico Feminist Women\u2019s Health Center. Chapters five and six explore the challenges of theorizing \u201clesbian health\u201d and the limitations of identity based healthcare at the Lyon Martin\u2019s Women\u2019s Health Center in San Francisco. Chapters seven and eight consider the racial inequities of the women\u2019s health movement through the lenses of Black feminist self help and institutional restructuring at the Santa Cruz Women\u2019s Health Collective.<\/p>\n<p>This paired chapter structure has several affordances. The focus on a small group of clinics allows Houck to delve into the many challenges of implementing often nationally or internationally circulating feminist health politics in locally specific institutional settings. What happened, she asks, when the ideals of lay and participatory healthcare met with the immediate and diverse health needs of community members? And how did feminist clinics, as workplaces, replicate racial and classed power structures of traditional medical settings? Houck\u2019s attention to how these clinics navigated the \u201cincreasingly conservative regulatory landscape\u201d of health and medicine of the last decades of the twentieth century\u2014and, in a few places, of the early decades the twenty first\u2014offers a much-needed backstory to the struggles of health centers serving those marginalized by gender and sexuality today (7). The stories of what happened to these feminist health clinics have a lot to teach us about the increasing power of the medical-industrial-complex over the past fifty years.<\/p>\n<p><em>Looking Through the Speculum<\/em> contributes new insights to a rich body of scholarship on the women\u2019s health movement by scholars such as Hannah Dudley-Shotwell, Wendy Kline, Sandra Morgen, Michelle Murphy, and Jennifer Nelson.<sup><sup><a id=\"post-35032-footnote-ref-0\" href=\"#post-35032-footnote-0\">[1]<\/a><\/sup> <\/sup>Their comparable works track how the women\u2019s health movement grew out of a number of decentralized projects, including but not limited to the Boston Women\u2019s Health Book Collective\u2019s <em>Our Bodies Ourselves<\/em>, the Jane Collective\u2019s Abortion Service, Carol Downer\u2019s promotion of cervical self-exam and menstrual extraction, the National Black Women\u2019s Health Collective, and the feminist clinic movement. Houck\u2019s focused accounts of how the feminist practices of self-help and abortion care were implemented in clinical spaces over the course of the late twentieth century adds new knowledge to these much-discussed histories. But especially worth attending to, I would argue, are Houck\u2019s contributions to the under-studied histories of lesbian health and Black women\u2019s self-help.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29287\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29287\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-29287\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Our-Bodies-Ourselves-1973-cover.jpeg?resize=310%2C405&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"310\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Our-Bodies-Ourselves-1973-cover.jpeg?resize=310%2C405&amp;ssl=1 310w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Our-Bodies-Ourselves-1973-cover.jpeg?resize=362%2C473&amp;ssl=1 362w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Our-Bodies-Ourselves-1973-cover.jpeg?w=500&amp;ssl=1 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 310px) 100vw, 310px\"\/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29287\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 1973 copy of <i>Our Bodies, Ourselves<\/i> from the Boston Women\u2019s Health Collective. (Courtesy <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ourbodiesourselves.org\/our-story\/\">Our Bodies Ourselves<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Despite the fact that, by some accounts, \u201clesbians dominated the movement,\u201d the topic of lesbian health was seen by many second-wave women\u2019s health activists as an area of neglect replicating the heterosexism of the women\u2019s movement more broadly (156). It could be said that this historical neglect has been reproduced by historians themselves: Houck points out that she is the first scholar to give lesbian women\u2019s health activism \u201csustained attention\u201d (6). Chapter five, \u201cLesbian Health Matters!\u201d riffs on the multiple meanings of the word \u201cmatters\u201d (importance, a set of issues, the materiality of the body).<sup><sup><a id=\"post-35032-footnote-ref-1\" href=\"#post-35032-footnote-1\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> In doing so, this title encapsulates both the urgency with which activists claimed the need for lesbian specific healthcare research and action, and the breadth of understandings of what that care should look like. As Houck shows, in the early years of the women\u2019s health movement the question of lesbian health was precisely that. Before the 1980s the only published research on lesbian health was in psychiatry; the only lesbian-specific healthcare aimed at conversion. But with the rise of grassroots feminist and gay health activism and of professional networks such as the Gay Nurses Alliance (founded in 1973), those with experiential knowledge of the damaging effects of homophobia began to demand greater knowledge production and action around the issue of lesbian health. What, they wanted to know, were the health issues that most impacted lesbians? Did lesbians have specific health needs that differed from non-lesbian women? This chapter offers a fascinating account of the many health projects that sprung from such questions, from the first national lesbian health survey in 1984 to the creation of lesbian-serving feminist sperm banks.<\/p>\n<p>Noting that \u201cit was unclear who counted as a lesbian,\u201d Houck also shows that the late-twentieth-century project of lesbian health was stymied by the ambiguity of the category (150). This was further compounded by the classed and racialized assumptions about who lesbians were and to what extent sexual identity shaped their health needs. The stakes of such categorical uncertainty are thrown into relief in chapter six\u2019s discussion of the Lyon-Martin Health Clinic in San Francisco, which was created to serve an imagined community of (mostly white, mostly middle-class, cisgender) lesbians who never made up more than half of the clientele. As Houck details, the goal of providing \u201ca clinic of our own\u201d often stood in tension with the needs of those who used its services, such as low-income heterosexual women of color seeking primary gynecological care and trans women who participated in Lyon-Martin\u2019s HIV\/AIDS programs (186) . While the clinic workers were happy to serve \u201canyone who needed women\u2019s health care,\u201d in the 1990s its board sought (unsuccessfully, it should be said) to exclude trans people of all genders from the clinic (209). Houck\u2019s evident curiosity about how the constituents of Lyon-Martin navigated often conflicting notions of identity and coalition opens the door for future research projects. For example, her chapter left me wanting to hear the perspectives of those being served by and\/or excluded from Lyon-Martin and other \u201cwomen\u2019s\u201d health spaces.<sup><sup><a id=\"post-35032-footnote-ref-2\" href=\"#post-35032-footnote-2\">[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Houck closes the book with a less symmetrical and arguably less effective pairing, described as exploring \u201cthe explicit expansion of the feminist health movement to involve and serve more women of color\u201d (13). Chapter seven details how Black women\u2019s health activists of the 1980s developed practices of self-help to support Black women\u2019s emotional and physical health. Houck\u2019s interviews and archival research on this topic contribute new knowledge to the history of Black women\u2019s health activism, challenging assumptions that the women\u2019s health movement, and self help in particular, was white women\u2019s project.<sup><sup><a id=\"post-35032-footnote-ref-3\" href=\"#post-35032-footnote-3\">[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> For example, Houck asserts the political significance of Lillie Allen\u2019s widely attended \u201cBlack and Female: What is the Reality?\u201d workshops at the first Black Women\u2019s Health Conference at Spelman College in 1983. For Allen and the \u201cSelf-Help Groups\u201d her workshops inspired, self-help was less about medical information sharing (i.e. via looking at each other\u2019s bodies) than about the transformative power of speaking openly with other Black women about the embodied impacts of racism. But while many Black women\u2019s self-help groups did not center gynecological knowledge production, others\u2014such as the DC-based Black Women\u2019s Self-Help Collective (BWSHC, 1982-1985)\u2014saw cervical self-exam as a key step in the broader project of Black women\u2019s liberation. The BWSHC presented itself as \u201cboth a support group and an incubator for social action\u201d and shared the practice of self-exam with women in contexts such as Black women\u2019s groups, health fairs, and prisons (243). To some members the group\u2019s focus on sharing knowledge about the physical body (Houck shares that cervical self-exam was part of each bimonthly meeting) was vital and life-affirming. To others, it took up valuable time that could have been spent on projects of greater political importance.<\/p>\n<p>Given the structure of <em>Looking Through the Speculum<\/em>, I had expected the questions raised by groups such as the BWSHC to be taken up again in the following chapter. For example, how should Black feminist health groups balance discussions of economic and social determinants of health with the promotion of gynecological self-knowledge? Instead, in chapter eight Houck turns from the topic of Black women\u2019s self-help to consider the efforts of mostly white-run health clinics to hire and serve more women of color, with a central focus on the Santa Cruz Women\u2019s Health Collective. The history of how women of color (and here predominantly Latinx women) changed the SCWHC from within is undeniably important, but the asymmetry of the pairing left me wondering what it would have looked like for this chapter instead to have explored issues of institution building in spaces created by and for Black women or other women of color.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35044\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35044\" style=\"width: 268px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-35044\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Looking-through-the-Speculum.jpg?resize=268%2C405&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Cover of Looking through the Speculum featuring a photograph of women gathered around to look through a speculum at a woman's cervix.\" width=\"268\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Looking-through-the-Speculum.jpg?resize=268%2C405&amp;ssl=1 268w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Looking-through-the-Speculum.jpg?resize=479%2C723&amp;ssl=1 479w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Looking-through-the-Speculum.jpg?resize=768%2C1159&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Looking-through-the-Speculum.jpg?w=860&amp;ssl=1 860w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 268px) 100vw, 268px\"\/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35044\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><i>Looking through the Speculum<\/i> is available now from <a href=\"https:\/\/press.uchicago.edu\/ucp\/books\/book\/chicago\/L\/bo208852542.html\">University of Chicago Press<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em>Looking Through the Speculum<\/em> arrives at a moment in health politics that demands historical awareness. Some of this awareness is corrective, as scholars Kelly O\u2019Donnell and Naomi Rogers show in their critique of the <em>Dobbs<\/em> opinion\u2019s distorted history of abortion.<sup><sup><a id=\"post-35032-footnote-ref-4\" href=\"#post-35032-footnote-4\">[5]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> But as I was reminded when I taught Houck\u2019s book last year, history is also there for inspiration. While my students \u2013 when asked \u2013 said that they could not imagine participating in a group cervical self-exam (and much less in a bookstore!), they were amazed by the ongoing relevance of the actions and arguments of early women\u2019s health movement activists.<sup><sup><a id=\"post-35032-footnote-ref-5\" href=\"#post-35032-footnote-5\">[6]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> The <em>critiques<\/em> made by the movement (of the dismissal of women\u2019s pain by doctors, of the disproportionately high rate of medical injustices faced by Black women) and the <em>questions<\/em> it asked (How can activists combat the gatekeeping of medical expertise? Whose bodily autonomy is valued in this country?) felt as fresh to my class as they seemed to feel to feminist activists fifty years ago.<\/p>\n<p>Our post-neoliberal era of rampant health inequities, staggering medical debt, and forced births might seem to contain less hope for the possibility of change than was circulating during the wave of 1960s radical activism that inaugurated the women\u2019s health movement. The idea of creating community-led and affordable health clinics may feel but a distant dream in a moment when abortion clinics (and not necessarily even feminist ones) are closing all over the country and being replaced by predatory crisis pregnancy centers.<sup><sup><a id=\"post-35032-footnote-ref-6\" href=\"#post-35032-footnote-6\">[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> I hope that Houck\u2019s account of the women\u2019s health movement will reach a wide range of readers, from seasoned health justice organizers to curious undergraduates. These activists\u2019 determined, imperfect, and willful refusal to accept the inequitable status quo of US healthcare might be just the dose of inspiration we need right now.<\/p>\n<section id=\"sources\">\n<h4>Notes<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"post-35032-footnote-0\">There are of course other excellent books on the women\u2019s health movement that (unlike those mentioned) focus on one organization or site of activism. For example, see Laura Kaplan\u2019s <em>The Story of Jane. <\/em>Pantheon<em>, <\/em>1995, and Kathy Davis\u2019 <em>The Making of Our Bodies, Ourselves: How Feminism Travels across Borders<\/em>. Duke University Press, 2007. <a href=\"#post-35032-footnote-ref-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-35032-footnote-1\">This title is taken from Mary O\u2019Donnell et. al\u2019s 1979 book of the same name. <a href=\"#post-35032-footnote-ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-35032-footnote-2\">While reading this chapter I found myself thinking about Jules Gill-Peterson\u2019s work on<a href=\"https:\/\/sadbrowngirl.substack.com\/p\/toward-a-trans-history-of-abortion\"> Trans DIY healthcare and health activism<\/a> in the late twentieth century. <a href=\"#post-35032-footnote-ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-35032-footnote-3\">For an account of Black women\u2019s health activism prior to emergence of the women\u2019s health movement and other radical health projects of the 1960s and 70s, see Susan Smith, <em>Sick and Tired of Being Sick and Tired: Black Women\u2019s Health Activism in America, 189-195.<\/em> University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010. <a href=\"#post-35032-footnote-ref-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-35032-footnote-4\">See O\u2019Donnell, Kelly, and Naomi Rogers. \u201cRevisiting the History of Abortion in the Wake of the <em>Dobbs<\/em> Decision.\u201d <em>Bulletin of the History of Medicine<\/em> 97, no. 1 (2023): 1-10.<a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1353\/bhm.2023.0000\"> https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1353\/bhm.2023.0000<\/a>. <a href=\"#post-35032-footnote-ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-35032-footnote-5\">I refer here to what Houck describes as the \u201corigin story\u201d (2024, 19) of the feminist self-help movement, the moment when Carol Downer first demonstrated cervical self-exam to a group of feminists at the Everywoman\u2019s bookstore in April 1971. <a href=\"#post-35032-footnote-ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"post-35032-footnote-6\">For a discussion of the rising number of CPS and the role that proximity plays in pregnant peoples\u2019 reproductive decision making see Carly Thomsen et al. \u201cPresence and absence: Crisis pregnancy centers and abortion facilities in the contemporary reproductive justice landscape.\u201d <em>Human Geography<\/em> 2023 16:1, 64-74. For an account of abortion activism that evades legal and geographical limitations, see Naomi Braine, <em>Abortion Beyond the Law: Building a Global Feminist Movement for a Self-Managed Abortion<\/em>. Verso, 2013. <a href=\"#post-35032-footnote-ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/section>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Featured image caption: Women\u2019s liberation march, Washington, D.C., 1970. (Courtesy <a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/item\/2003673992\/\">Library of Congress<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><!-- MOLONGUI AUTHORSHIP PLUGIN 5.0.15 --><br \/>\n<!-- https:\/\/www.molongui.com\/wordpress-plugin-post-authors --><\/p>\n<div class=\"m-a-box \" data-box-layout=\"slim\" data-box-position=\"below\" data-multiauthor=\"false\" data-author-id=\"616\" data-author-type=\"user\" data-author-archived=\"\">\n<div class=\"m-a-box-container\">\n<div class=\"m-a-box-tab m-a-box-content m-a-box-profile\" data-profile-layout=\"layout-1\" data-author-ref=\"user-616\" itemscope=\"\" itemid=\"https:\/\/nursingclio.org\/author\/matty-hemming\/\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Person\">\n<div class=\"m-a-box-content-middle\">\n<div class=\"m-a-box-item m-a-box-avatar\" data-source=\"local\"><a class=\"m-a-box-avatar-url\" href=\"https:\/\/nursingclio.org\/author\/matty-hemming\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"90\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-design.png?fit=90%2C90&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-90x90 size-90x90\" alt=\"NC logo in blakc\" itemprop=\"image\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-design.png?w=500&amp;ssl=1 500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-design.png?resize=405%2C405&amp;ssl=1 405w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nursingclio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Untitled-design.png?resize=181%2C181&amp;ssl=1 181w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 90px) 100vw, 90px\"\/><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"m-a-box-item m-a-box-data\">\n<div class=\"m-a-box-bio\" itemprop=\"description\">\n<p>Matty Hemming is a researcher and teacher in the feminist health humanities. She is currently the Janice G. Doty Lecturer in Medical Humanities at Rice University in Houston, Texas. Her first book offers a cultural history of twentieth-century reproductive healthcare. The project explores how transatlantic literary writers such as Nella Larsen, Jean Rhys, Audre Lorde, and Toni Morrison critiqued reproductive injustices in Britain and the United States by harnessing aesthetic and political tactics of refusal. Hemming draws on archival materials including birth control policies, nursing handbooks, and authors\u2019 manuscript drafts to show how writers used personal experience and historical research to produce knowledge about the racial and class stratification of reproductive healthcare that is unavailable elsewhere in the historical record. Hemming&#8217;s writing has appeared or is forthcoming in venues such as Medical Humanities, The James Baldwin Review, Criticism, and the Routledge Companion to Queer Literary Studies.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-border-color\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;margin-top:32px;margin-bottom:32px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-bottom:24px\"\/>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:4px;margin-bottom:10px\">Discover more from Nursing Clio<\/h3>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:15px\">Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Politics in Practice: A Review of Judith A. Houck, Looking Through the Speculum: Examining the Women\u2019s Health Movement (U Chicago Press, 2024) In Looking Through the Speculum: Examining the Women\u2019s Health Movement (University of Chicago Press, 2024) Judith A. Houck provides a timely analysis of how late-twentieth-century feminists challenged the patriarchal foundations of the U.S. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":178789,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12032],"tags":[12846,15852,45364,597,1584,15851,1549,409],"dealstore":[],"offerexpiration":[],"class_list":["post-178787","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-american-history","tag-chicago","tag-clio","tag-examining","tag-health","tag-movement","tag-nursing","tag-press","tag-womens"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Examining the Women\u2019s Health Movement (U Chicago Press, 2024) \u2013 Nursing Clio - Som2ny Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/accountants4yourbusiness.co.uk\/?p=178787\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Examining the Women\u2019s Health Movement (U Chicago Press, 2024) \u2013 Nursing Clio - Som2ny Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Politics in Practice: A Review of Judith A. Houck, Looking Through the Speculum: Examining the Women\u2019s Health Movement (U Chicago Press, 2024) In Looking Through the Speculum: Examining the Women\u2019s Health Movement (University of Chicago Press, 2024) Judith A. 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